Manual Practicals (With Simple Steps)

1. 1. Simulation of Earth Fault/Short Circuit Fault
   • Aim: Show how faults occur and are detected.
   • Steps: Use simulation kit/software, create various fault conditions, note how relays react.
   • Conclusion: Faults raise current/voltage beyond safe limit, and protection must act fast.
2. 2. Testing HRC Fuse
   • Aim: Discover how fuses protect circuits.
   • Steps: Place fuse in test circuit, gradually raise load, note when/how it blows, check replacement.
   • Conclusion: HRC fuses break high fault current safely.
3. 3. Testing Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB)
   • Aim: Test operation of household/industrial MCBs.
   • Steps: Load circuit until MCB trips, record tripping current and reset procedure.
   • Conclusion: MCBs are reusable and trip accurately.
4. 4. Induction Type Over-Current Relay
   • Aim: Study relay operating characteristics.
   • Steps: Connect relay setup, increase current, plot current vs. time curve, note dial settings.
   • Conclusion: Suitable for overload or short-circuit faults.
5. 5. Plug Setting and Time Setting Multiplier in Relay
   • Aim: Adjust relay sensitivity and delay.
   • Steps: Vary plug and time dial, observe relay response, mark effects on operation.
   • Conclusion: Settings help coordinate relay with expected fault conditions.
6. 6. Differential Protection on Alternator
   • Aim: Show how differential protection saves alternators.
   • Steps: Use demo or simulation, create fault inside and outside winding, observe relay action.
   • Conclusion: Scheme isolates only faulty section, keeps the rest running.
7. 7. Differential Protection on Transformer
   • Aim: Demonstrate transformer fault detection.
   • Steps: As above, this time focusing on transformer demo or simulation.
   • Conclusion: Prevents extended transformer damage and outages.
8. 8. Testing Single-Phase Preventer for Induction Motor
   • Aim: Protect motors from missing phase.
   • Steps: Wire preventer, intentionally remove phase, note operation.
   • Conclusion: Essential for motor safety in factories.
9. 9. Transmission Line Protection Using Relay
   • Aim: Test relay schemes for line safety.
   • Steps: Simulate faults at different points, note relay and breaker trips.
   • Conclusion: Reliable relays prevent major blackouts.
10. 10. Thyrite Type Lightning Arrester
    • Aim: Demonstrate overvoltage protection.
    • Steps: Watch a dismantle/demo/video, identify arrestor parts.
    • Conclusion: Arresters defend equipment from lightning surges.
11. 11. Neutral Earthing at Substations
    • Aim: Show how earthing is done in electrical stations.
    • Steps: List/visit/diagram different earthing methods.
    • Conclusion: Proper earthing protects against fault voltages and ensures safety.

How to Write Manual Answers

• 1.Begin with the aim of the experiment.
• 2. List neat and simple steps for the procedure.
• 3. Add observation tables, formulas, or sketches wherever needed.
• 4. Write a clear, two-line conclusion saying what was proven or learned.
• 5. Use direct, everyday words and diagrams to boost clarity.

---

Quick Tips

315334 SAP Switchgear and Protection Manual Answer for Electrical Engineering Group by MSBTE All Clear Engineers Website – All Diploma Solution

• 1. Revise important keywords and relay types before exams.
• 2. Practice writing short, step-by-step answers & not long essays.
• 3. Use simple block diagrams for relays, fuses, or protection circuits.
• 4. Focus on real applications (like circuit breakers in home, transformers at substations).
• 5. Ask teachers or seniors if in doubt & practical learning is best with clear understanding.

This approach makes Switchgear and Protection manageable for everyone, helping you clear practicals and exams with confidence and accuracy